This week, our studies were mostly based off the following experiment of chemically mixing zinc and hydrogen chloride and finding its product and its volume so I wanted to describe the process of what we did thoroughly for full understanding.
In the experiment we used a known procedure to find the volume and type of the reactant. We were told to fill a bottle all the way with water while filling the trough with water. Then, mix the zinc and the hydrogen chloride together. But, we had to seal the beaker quickly so that the gas wouldn't escape. The gas goes through an opening inside the trough by a tube connecting the two. So, to collect the product, you should fill a bottle with water and tip it over right side using a lens to prevent spilling while removing the lens afterward. (I have become a pro at this art!) Then, combine the zinc and hydrogen chloride to react. When the glass bottle once filled with water is now full with gas we used the lens again to remove the bottle.
Now, with the gas in the bottle, my group and I can test its
chemical properties to determine what the gas is. We previously learned that
Hydrogen is flammable and oxygen is combustible. To determine if the gas had
these properties, we lit a match to test for combustibility and flammability.
Once we put the match in the container, the flame got brighter. Therefore, the
gas was flammable. When the match got in contact with the gas, a popping sound
was made. Therefore, the gas was combustible. We also had to find the density
of the gas to help determine what it is. Subtract the mass of the beaker from
the total mass. Then, find the volume of the gas by looking at the bottle. If
there is any water in the bottle, this shows the amount of space it takes up.
Then, you divide the mass of the reactant by the volume in which it took up the
bottle to find the density.
To measure the zinc, we just put it on a measuring scale to
calculate its mass. Then, to find out the mass of hydrogen chloride, I figured
that in order to do so, we must find out the change in mass when comparing the
beaker's mass to the mass of the beaker and the hydrogen chloride in it. Then,
I subtracted the mass of the beaker with the total mass, therefore, to find the
mass of hydrogen chloride.
By finding the masses of all these variables, we figured this would be the best way to find out the total mass after the zinc and the hydrogen chloride are chemically combined together is by adding the masses of hydrogen chloride and zinc before they were combined. I assumed that since hydrogen or chlorine would escape from the system, the mass would have to decrease. With these results, we concluded that since the gas was combustible and flammable, it had both oxygen and hydrogen. But we asked the question “Where did the zinc and the chloride go?” And how did the oxygen get into the bottle? We conclude that since the air has oxygen, and since it is diatomic, it combined with hydrogen to form water. It makes sense because the bottle had condensation in it.
By finding the masses of all these variables, we figured this would be the best way to find out the total mass after the zinc and the hydrogen chloride are chemically combined together is by adding the masses of hydrogen chloride and zinc before they were combined. I assumed that since hydrogen or chlorine would escape from the system, the mass would have to decrease. With these results, we concluded that since the gas was combustible and flammable, it had both oxygen and hydrogen. But we asked the question “Where did the zinc and the chloride go?” And how did the oxygen get into the bottle? We conclude that since the air has oxygen, and since it is diatomic, it combined with hydrogen to form water. It makes sense because the bottle had condensation in it.
With this experiment it should be easy to understand the
lessons ahead and I am very excited about it!
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